The popularity of DevOps, in recent years, as a robust software development and delivery process has been unprecedented. As we talked about in our previous piece of the same series, DevOps is essentially the integration of two of the most important verticals in IT – development and operations – that brings a whole new perspective to the execution of software development. DevOps implementation is largely about bringing a cultural transformation where both development and operations teams collaborate and work seamlessly. Let us learn about DevOps implementation strategy and the top DevOps tools available in the market today.
The primary goal of DevOps is to improve collaboration between various stakeholders right from planning to deployment to maintenance of the IT project to be able to –
- Improve the frequency of deployment
- Reduce the time between updates/fixes
- Achieve speedy delivery
- Improve time to recovery
- Reduce failure rate of new releases
DevOps Transformational Roadmap
The DevOps implementation approach is categorized into 3 main stages of the software development life cycle:
- Build (DevOps Continuous Integration)
- Test (DevOps Continuous Testing)
- Release (DevOps Continuous Delivery)
The concept of DevOps implementation integrates development, operations and testing departments together into collaborative cross-functional teams with the aim of improving the agility of overall IT service delivery.
The focus of DevOps is largely on easing delivery processes and standardizing development environments with the aim of improving efficiency, security and delivery predictability. DevOps empowers teams and gives them the autonomy to build, deliver, validate, and support their own software applications. It provides developers with a better understanding of the production infrastructure and more control of the overall production environment.
As an organization, your DevOps journey begins by defining the existing business procedures, IT infrastructure, and delivery pipelines, followed by crafting clear objectives that the DevOps implementation strategy is expected to achieve for your organization.
Although DevOps is implemented with different variations in different organizations, the common phases of DevOps process consist the 6C’s as discussed below-
- Continuous Development – Continuous development involves planning, outlining, and introducing new code. The aim of continuous development is to optimize the procedure of code-building and to reduce the time between development and deployment.
- Continuous Integration (CI) – This practice of DevOps implementation involves the integration of developed code into a central repository where configuration management (CM) tools are integrated with test & development tools to track the code development status. CI also includes quick feedback between testing and development to be able to identify and resolve various code issues that might arise during the process.
- Continuous Testing – The aim of continuous testing is to speed up the delivery of code to production. This phase of DevOps involves simultaneous running of pre-scheduled and automated code tests as application code is being updated.
- Continuous Delivery – Continuous delivery is aimed at quick and sustainable delivery of updates and changes ready to be deployed in the production environment. Continuous delivery ensures that even with frequent changes by developers, code is always in the deployable state.
- Continuous Deployment (CD) – This practice also automates the release of new or changed code into production similar to continuous delivery. The use of various container technology tools such as Docker and Kubernetes allow continuous deployment as they play a key role in maintaining code consistency across various deployment environments.
- Continuous Monitoring – It involves ongoing monitoring of the operational code and the underlying infrastructure supporting it. Changes/application deployed in the production environment is continuously monitored to ensure stability and best performance of the application.
Advantages of DevOps
Some of the key benefits of DevOps implementation include:
- Speedy and better product delivery
- Scalability and greater automation
- High clarity into system outcomes
- Stable operating environments
- Better utilization of resources
- High clarity into system outcomes
Does that mean there are no hurdles to DevOps adoption?
Not necessarily! Similar to any other approach, DevOps adoption also comes with certain hiccups. Although the concept of DevOps is a decade old now, there are certain aspects that need to be taken care of so that they don’t become hurdles in embracing the collaborative IT practice. Let us have a look at some of the key points-
1. Costing
DevOps implementation reduces number of project failures and rollbacks, and as a result, reduces the overall IT cost in the long run. However, if not planned properly, the cost of shifting to DevOps practice can burn a hole in your pocket. Planning the budget is a crucial step before DevOps implementation.
2. Skill deficiency
Hiring competent DevOps professionals is a necessity when it comes to successful DevOps adoption in any organization. To achieve this, it is imperative to hire skillful DevOps consultants capable of managing the teams and building a collaborative culture.
3. Complex infrastructure
Infrastructure complexity is yet another challenge in successful DevOps implementation as organizations find it difficult to create a common infrastructure out of different services and apps deployed in isolated environments. Educating teams on why the organization has decided to make the shift to DevOps, planning the DevOps implementation roadmap, and hiring competent DevOps consultant go a long way in managing the complex infrastructural changes.
DevOps Implementation – Step-By-Step Guide
1. Build a competent DevOps team
The first step before you move to any new technology is the proper identification of resources and building a team competent enough to take on the challenges that come with the execution of an IT project. Some of the qualities to look for while identifying members of the DevOps team include critical thinking to find the root cause of the issue, proficiency in the latest DevOps tools & zeal to learn new ones, and an ability to troubleshoot and debug efficiently to solve the problems. Securing a DevOps team equipped with the mentioned capabilities can be challenging. Suppose your endeavors to attain these skills prove to be unproductive. In that case, engaging with a consultancy specializing in DevOps advisory services is recommended. A competent team can execute flawless delivery of software, starting from collating requirements, planning the implementation path, and finally deploying the software.
2. Develop a robust DevOps strategy
The DevOps implementation strategy is essentially built on six parameters-
- Speedy execution– The ultimate objective of any organizational initiative is customer satisfaction which is based on constant innovation and faster execution. Continuous delivery and continuous deployment of DevOps practice ensure that accuracy and speed are maintained.
- Scalability– Infrastructure as a code practice assists in scalable and immaculate management of various stages (development, testing and production) of the software product lifecycle, which are key to DevOps success.
- Reliability– DevOps practices of continuous integration, continuous testing, and continuous delivery guarantee reliability of operations by ensuring safe and quality output for a positive end-user experience.
- Collaboration– The DevOps principle of cross-team collaboration and effective communication reduce process inefficiencies, manage time constraints and trim the chances of project failure.
- Frequent Delivery– Continuous delivery, integration and deployment practices of DevOps allow very rapid delivery cycles and minimum recovery time during implementation, leaving room for more innovation.
- Security– Various automated compliance policies and configuration management techniques allow the DevOps model to offer robust security through infrastructure as code and policy as code practices.
3. Start small
It is wise to start with small initiatives before making an organizational shift to DevOps. Small-scale changes provide the benefit of manageable testing and deployment. Next steps of DevOps implementation at the organizational level should be decided based on the outcome.
4. Automate as much as possible
Considering the fact that faster & speedy execution lies in the backbone of DevOps, automation becomes crucial to your implementation strategy. With carefully chosen automation tools, manual hand-offs are eliminated and processes are carried out at a faster speed saving time, effort and a total budget of the organization.
5. Prepare the right environment
For successful DevOps implementation, it is crucial to prepare the right environment of continuous testing & continuous delivery. Even a small change in the application should be tested at different phases of the delivery process. Similarly, preparing a continuous delivery environment ensures that any kind of change or addition of code is quickly deployed to production depending on the success or failure of the automated testing.
6. Choose the right tools and build a robust common infrastructure
This is one of the most important steps of DevOps implementation process. The selection of tools should be based on their compatibility with your unique IT environment for smooth integration. The right toolset allows you to build a robust infrastructure with customized workflows and access controls which provides enhanced usage and smooth functionality.
DevOps Toolchain
There are a number of DevOps tools that help in ensuring effective implementation; however, finding the best ones requires continuous testing and experimentation. The primary objective of these tools is to streamline and automate the different stages of software delivery pipeline/workflow.
The DevOps toolchain can be broken down into various lifecycle stages (mentioned below) with dedicated tools for each.
a) Planning
This is the most important phase that helps in defining business value and requirements.
Examples of tools- Git, Jira
b) Coding
It involves the detailed process of software design and the creation of software code.
Examples of tools- Stash, GitHub, GitLab
c) Software build
During this phase, you essentially manage various software builds and versions with the help of automated tools that assist in compiling and packaging code for future release to production.
Examples of tools- Docker, Puppet, Chef, Ansible, Gradle.
d) Testing
It is the phase of continuous testing that ensures optimal code quality.
Example of tools- Vagrant, Selenium, JUnit, Codeception, BlazeMeter, TestNG
e) Deployment
This is the phase of managing, scheduling, coordinating, and automating various product releases into production.
Examples of tools – Jenkins, Kubernetes, Docker, OpenShift, OpenStack, Jira.
f) Monitoring
Monitoring is the phase of identifying and collecting information about different issues after software release in production.
Examples of tools- Nagios, Splunk, Slack, New Relic, Datadog, Wireshark.
Top 12 DevOps Implementation Tools
Since no single tool works across all areas of development and delivery. The need is to first understand your processes and accordingly map the tool to be successfully establish DevOps culture in the organization:
Elucidated below are the top 12 DevOps tools which can be used in different phases of the software development cycle:
1. Jenkins
An excellent DevOps automation tool being adopted by an increasing number of software development teams, Jenkins is essentially an open-source CI/CD server that helps in automating the different stages of the delivery pipeline. The huge popularity of Jenkins is attributed to its massive plugin ecosystem (more than 1000) allowing it to be integrated with a large number of other DevOps tools including Puppet, Docker, and Chef.
Features of Jenkins
- Allows you to set up and customize CD pipeline as per individual needs.
- Runs on Windows, Linux and MacOS X which makes it easy to get started with.
- Jenkins allows you to iterate and deploy new code with greater speed.
2. Git
Widely used across software industries, Git is a distributed SCM (source code management) DevOps tool. It allows you to easily track the progress of your development work where you can also save different versions of source code and return to a previous one as and when required.
Features of Git
- A free and open-source tool that supports most of the version control features of check-in, merging, labels, commits, branches, etc
- Requires a hosted repository such as Github or Bitbucket that offers unlimited private repositories (for up to five team members) for free.
- Easy to learn and maintain with separate branches of source code that can be merged through Git.
3. Nagios
One of the most popular free and open-source DevOps monitoring tools, Nagios allows you to monitor your infrastructure real-time so that identifying security threats, detection of outages, and errors becomes easier. Nagios feeds out reports and graphs, allowing for real-time infrastructure monitoring.
Features of Nagios
- Free, open-source with various add-ons available.
- Facilitates two methods for server monitoring – agent-based and agentless.
- Allows for monitoring of Windows, UNIX, Linux, and Web applications as well.
- Available in various versions including:
-Nagios Core – command line tool
-Nagios XI – web-based GUI
-Log Server – searches log data with automatic alerts
-Nagios Fusion – for simultaneous multiple-network monitoring
4. Splunk
Splunk is designed to make machine data usable as well as accessible to everyone by delivering operational intelligence to DevOps teams. It is an excellent choice of tool that makes companies more secure, productive and competitive.
Features of Splunk
- Offers actionable insights with data-driven analytics on machine-generated data.
- Splunk delivers a more central and collective view of IT services.
- Easily detects patterns, highlights anomalies, and areas of impact.
5. Docker
A forerunner in containerization, Docker is one of the widely used development tools of DevOps and is known to provide platform-independent integrated container security and agile operations for cloud-native and legacy applications.
Features of Docker
- Easily automates app deployment and makes distributed development easy.
- Built-in support for Docker available by both Google Cloud and AWS.
- Docker containers support virtual machine environments and are platform-independent.
6. Kubernetes
Ideal for large teams, this DevOps tool is built on what Docker started in the field of containerization. It is a powerful tool that can group containers by logical categorization.
Features of Kubernetes
- It can be deployed to multiple computers through automated distribution.
- Kubernetes is the first container orchestration tool.
- Extremely useful in streamlining complex projects across large teams.
7. Ansible
Ansible is primarily an agentless design management and organization DevOps tool. It is written in simple programming language YAML. It makes it easier for DevOps teams to scale the process of automation and speed up productivity.
Features of Ansible
- Based on the master-slave architecture.
- The arrangement modules in Ansible are designated as Playbooks.
- It is an ideal DevOps tool to manage complex deployments and speed up the process of development.
8. Vagrant
Vagrant is a popular DevOps tool that can be used in conjunction with various other management tools to let developers create virtual machine environments in the same workflow. In fact, an increasing number of organizations have started using Vagrant to help transition into the DevOps culture.
Features of Vagrant
- Can work with different operating systems including Windows, Linux, and Mac.
- Vagrant can be easily integrated and used alongside other DevOps tools such as Chef, Puppet, Ansible etc.
9. Gradle
An extremely versatile DevOps tool, Gradle allows you to write your code in various languages, including C++, Java, and Python, among others. It is supported by popular IDEs including Netbeans, Eclipse, and IntelliJ IDEA.
Features of Gradle
- The core model of Gradle is based on tasks – actions, inputs and outputs.
- Gradle uses both Groovy-based DSL and a Kotlin-based DSL for describing builds.
- The incremental builds of Grade allow you to save a substantial amount of compile time.
10. Chef
Chef is a popular Ruby-based arrangement management tool which allows DevOps engineers to consider configuration management as a competitive advantage instead of a probable hurdle. The tool is mainly used for checking the configurations, and it also helps in automating the infrastructure.
Features of Chef
- Assists in standardizing and enforcing the configurations continuously.
- Chef automates the whole process and makes sure that the systems are correctly configured.
- Chef helps you ensure that the configuration policies remain completely flexible, readable and testable.
11.Worksoft
Worksoft is another popular DevOps tool that offers incredible support for both web and cloud applications. It has a robust ecosystem of solutions for various enterprise applications spanning across the entire pipeline of continuous delivery.
Features of Worksoft
- Capable of integrating UI and end-to-end testing into the CI pipeline, thus speeding the process.
- Allows medium and large scale businesses to create risk-based continuous testing pipelines that feed into application production environments for scalability.
- Offers integrations with various third-party solutions to allow the companies to choose tools best suited for their individual, organizational needs and seamlessly manage tasks across the entire DevOps release cycle.
12. Puppet
Puppet is an open-source configuration management tool that is used for deploying, configuring and managing servers.
Features of Puppet
- Offers master-slave architecture.
- Puppet works smoothly for hybrid infrastructure and applications.
- Compatible with Windows, Linux, and UNIX operating systems.
