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What is CSS? And How Does It Relate to HTML?
What is CSS? And How Does It Relate to HTML?

October 11, 2022

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So what exactly is CSS, and what does it do?

The most recent version is CSS 3, which stands for Cascading Style Sheets with an emphasis on "Style."

 

Page layouts, colors, and fonts are all determined with CSS syntax, making CSS one crucial language for you to master in terms of styling your web pages.  While HTML is used to structure a web document (defining elements like headlines and paragraphs and allowing you to embed images, video, and other media), CSS comes through and specifies your document's style.

 

Consider HTML as the structure's framework (every house needs one) and Cascading Style Sheets as the decorative options (a Victorian mansion and a mid-century modern home differ greatly from one another). JavaScript is required to make a web page interactive, as well as both.

 

How Does CSS Work?

 

CSS 3 adds style to your web pages by employing syntax to interact with HTML elements. Elements are the individual HTML elements that make up a web page. For example, an element for a paragraph in HTML may look like this:

 

<p>This is my paragraph!</p>

 

You would use CSS code that appears as follows to render this paragraph pink and bold for users viewing your website using a web browser:

 

p  {  color:pink;  font-weight:bold;  }

 

The "selector" in this instance is "p" (the paragraph), and it's the section of CSS code that specifies which HTML element the styling will apply to. The selector is placed after the first curly bracket in CSS. A declaration is the data enclosed in curly brackets and contains the properties and values applied to the selection.

 

Values are the settings for the characteristics of font size, color, and margins, and you can alter these by making modifications to the selector.

As an illustration, "background-position," "border-color," "border-style," "border-width," and "text-align" are properties, and the corresponding values are "top," "red," "dotted," "thick," and "left."

 

The words "color" and "font-weight" are both properties in the example above, but the words "pink" and "bold" are values. Again, "p" (which refers to the HTML paragraph) serves as the selector, and the entire set of bracketed characters color: pink; font-weight: bold; serves as the declaration. Selecting a certain selector may use the same fundamental concepts to alter the font sizes, background colors, margin indentations, and more on your website. For instance, using the code body background-color: light blue;...would make the backdrop of your website light blue, or using the code p font-size:20px; color: red;...will produce a paragraph with red characters in a 20-point font.



 

External, Internal, or Inline CSS?

You might be interested in learning how this CSS code is actually used in HTML content. Here are three primary ways to add CSS code to your HTML-styled pages. Cascading Style Sheets are created in basic, plain language through a text editor or word processor on your computer, just like HTML. A style sheet or CSS code might be inline, internal, or external.

 

External style sheets can be used to control the appearance of a full website with just one file, and they are saved as a CSS file (.css) (rather than adding, you must apply unique instances of CSS code to each HTML element that needs changing.

Your.html files must contain a header section that connects to the external style sheet and like the following to use this kind of style sheet:

 

When you do this, the.html file will be connected to your style sheet (in this case, mysitestyle.css), and all of the CSS rules contained in that file will then be applied to the.html pages you have linked to them.

Internal style sheets are CSS instructions inserted right into a particular.html page header. (This is especially helpful if one page on your website has a distinctive design.) This is how an internal style sheet appears.

 

Finally, inline styles are small CSS chunks that are applied to just one instance of coding and do not require a separate CSS file. They are written straight into HTML code. For instance:

Font-size:40px; color:violet; H1 style

Take a look at this heading!

</h1>

 

This would result in a single 40-point violet headline appearing on a single.html page.

 

The most effective way to use CSS on a website is often to use an external style sheet (it's simpler to manage and use a site's style from a dedicated CSS file), while internal style sheets and inline style can be used on a case-by-case basis when specific style modifications are required.




 

This one page will now have a thistle background color and paragraphs in a 20-point, medium blue font.

 

Consider CSS as the paint color, window styles, and landscaping that goes on after HTML, which is the foundation, frames, walls, and girders sustaining your website. You can't move forward without first laying that foundation, but you'll want to add some style after you have. CSS is the key to bringing out your inner decorator. After you master CSS, what comes next? JavaScript, naturally!

 

 


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