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Labour Laws in India and Canada: A Comparative Study of Legislative Changes and Their Driving Forces

November 14, 2024 30 1 G - Governance

Labour Laws in India and Canada: A Comparative Study of Legislative Changes and Their Driving Forces

This study examines the historical development of labour laws throughout the world, paying particular attention to important events and reforms that occurred in Canada and India and greatly influenced the current foundations for those laws. We begin by first introducing the history of the development of labour laws from the Industrial Revolution to the present, emphasising important international turning points and the impact of international organisations like the International Labour Organization (ILO). We then focus on the evolution of labour laws in India, looking at important legislative developments like the Industrial Disputes Act and the most recent Labour Codes of 2020, as well as important events like the Bhopal Gas Tragedy and the reforms that followed, the role of the Indian labour movement, and more. Similarly, the study explores the evolution of Canada's labour laws, focusing on the role of events such as the Winnipeg General Strike, the introduction of the Canada Labour Code, and committees formed to address social ills. By comparing these two nations, the paper identifies the fact that India, has more changes in labour due to tragedies such as cases where cities are rampant with child labour. Whereas Canada, has had a significant portion of its laws founded on the basis of protests or general citizen dissatisfaction. This phenomenon offers a nuanced view into how each country may view the opinions of its citizens.


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